Two-pore channels control Ebola virus host cell entry and are drug targets for disease treatment

The current outbreak of Ebola virus in West Africa highlights the need for antiviral therapies. One strategy would be to block the Ebola virus's ability to enter host cells. Cells engulf Ebola virus particles, which then traffic into the cell in structures called endosomes. Sakurai et al. now report that the Ebola virus requires calcium channels called two-pore channels (TPCs) in endosomal membranes for successful entry (see the Perspective by Falzarano and Feldmann). The Ebola virus could not enter cells lacking TPCs or cells treated with a TPC inhibitor. Blocking TPCs therapeutically allowed 50% of mice to survive an ordinarily lethal Ebola virus infection. Science , this issue p. [995][1]; see also p. [947][2] [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.1258758 [2]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aaa8121