A mouse model with age-dependent immune response and immune-tolerance for HBV infection

Abstract Background Viral clearance of human HBV infection largely depends on the age of exposure. Thus, a mouse model with age-dependent immune response and immune-tolerance for HBV infection was established. Methods HBVRag1 mice were generated by crossing Rag1 −/− mice with HBV-Tg mice. Following adoptive transfer of splenocytes adult (8–9 weeks old) and young (3 weeks old) HBVRag1 mice were named as HBVRag-ReA and HBVRag-ReY mice respectively. The biochemical parameters that were associated with viral load and immune function, as well as the histological evaluation of the liver tissues between the two mouse models were detected. The immune tolerance of HBVRag-ReY mice that were reconstituted at the early stages of life was evaluated by quantitative hepatitis B core antibody assay, adoptive transfer, and modulation of gut microbiota with the addition of antibiotics. Results HBVRag-ReA mice indicated apparent hepatocytes damage, clearance of HBsAg and production of HBsAb and HBcAb. HBVRag-ReY mice did not develop ALT elevation, and produced HBcAb and HBsAg. A higher number of hepatic CD8 + T and B cells promoted clearance of HBsAg in HBVRag-ReA mice following 30 days of lymphocyte transfer. In contrast to HBVRag-ReA mice, HBVRag-ReY mice exhibited higher levels of Th1/Th2 cytokines. HBVRag-ReY mice exhibited significantly higher ( P Conclusions The present study described a mouse model with age-dependent immunity and immune-tolerance for HBV infection in vivo , which may mimic chronic HBV infection in humans.