Forming Low-Molecular-Weight Hydrogels by Electrochemical Methods.

Low-molecular-weight hydrogels (LMWG) can be formed by electrochemical methods. Unique to the electrochemical method, gelation is localized on the electrode surface; therefore, thin hydrogel films can be prepared in seconds while thicker gels can be prepared in minutes. Furthermore, hydrogels are suitable for use in a range of characterization methods. Here, we describe techniques to form hydrogels using cyclic voltammetry and potentiometry.