Solid-liquid phase equilibria, excess volume and molar refraction deviation for carbonate ester systems with γ-Butyrolactone (GBL)

Abstract The most suitable electrolyte solvent for lithium ion battery is a carbonate ester. γ-Butyrolactone (GBL) could be used supporting electrolyte to supplement for the deficient properties. Therefore, carbonate ester and γ-Butyrolactone mixture could be a good combination as a solvent and additive of liquid electrolyte and physical properties and phase equilibrium data of solvent and supporting electrolyte is necessary to constitute electrolyte solution and recycling process. In the present work, the solid-liquid Equilibria (SLE) and excess and deviation properties for binary carbonate ester mixtures with GBL: {dimethyl carbonate (DMC) + GBL}, {ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) + GBL}, {ethylene carbonate (EC) + GBL} are reported experimentally. The SLE was determined with a custom-made triple cell glass tube at atmospheric pressure. The experimental SLE data showed simple eutectic point and they have been correlated with the NRTL and the UNIQUAC models. Excess volume (VE) and molar refraction deviation (∆R) were also determined for the same binaries and correlated and discussed with the Redlich-Kister polynomial.