Drought Periods Identification in Ecuador between 2001 and 2018 Using SPEI and MODIS Data

Drought is a natural phenomenon in which the precipitation amount is below normal in a specific region over a long period. The main objective of this study is to identify periods of drought in Ecuador between 2001 and 2018 using the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) derived from MODIS data. Firstly, the SPEI at a six-month scale and the Runs theory were used to identify periods of drought. Secondly, the NDWI from MOD09A1 MODIS product was used to identify the areas affected by drought.