Guanidinium and Phosphonium Scaffolds Loaded with Silver Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, In Vitro Assessment of the Antibacterial Potential and Toxicity

New silver nanocomposites based on polysulfones of 2,2-diallyl-1,1,3,3-tetraethylguanidiniumchloride [poly(AGC–SO2)], tris(diethylamino)diallylaminophosphonium tetrafluoroborate [poly(DAAP–BF4–SO2)] and chloride [poly(DAAP–Cl–SO2)] have been developed. UV-spectroscopy, SEM and XRD techniques were used to characterize the formation of silver nanoparticles in copolymers. Antibacterial action of new silver nanocomposites on S. epidermidis 33 and Escherichia coli (planktonic cells and biofilms) was studied. The silver nanocomposites strongly inhibited biofilms formation of S. epidermidis 33 and Escherichia coli. The silver nanocomposites based on phosphonium polysulfones have a significant cytotoxic activity against RD and MS line cells.