The Safety and Effectiveness of an Er:YAG Laser for Caries Removal and Cavity Preparation in Children

Summary Purpose: The Erbium:YAG laser has been shown to be safe and effective for caries removal and cavity preparation in adults. In this study, we report a prospective parallel controlled randomized multicenter clinical trial of this laser for dental caries removal and cavity preparation in children. Methods: At two separate sites, a total of 124 patients from 4 to 18 years old, having at least one tooth with caries requiring restoration, were randomized for treatment in a 2:1 ratio, laser to conventional dental drill. Caries were removed, the teeth were restored and follow-up evaluations were completed after 3 months. Determination of safe and effective treatment included four criteria: 1) acceptable caries removal, 2) acceptable cavity preparation, 3) pulp vitality, and 4) intact and serviceable restoration. Results: All 42 drill procedures and 81 out of 82 laser procedures were found to be successful in terms of safety and effectiveness. No significant difference in pain reported was found between drill or laser treatments, and no complications or adverse events were reported after treatment or at any other time during the study. Subject satisfaction with treatment procedures as reported was equivalent in the laser and drill groups. The only significant difference found between treatment groups was in the greater use of anesthesia during drilling procedures. Conclusions: The Erbium:YAG laser is safe and effective for both caries removal and cavity preparation in children.