Prognostic significance of nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 expression in non–small cell lung cancer patients who underwent surgical resection

Abstract Background Nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 (NFAT5) is known to be correlated with migration or invasion of tumor cells based on previous in vitro studies. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between NFAT5 expression and clinical prognosis in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who underwent surgical resection. Materials and methods A total of 92 NSCLC patients who underwent surgical resection were enrolled. The tissue microarray core was obtained from surgically resected tumor specimens. NFAT5 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Relationships of NFAT5 expression with disease recurrence, overall survival, and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed. Results The mean age of 92 patients was 63.7 y. The median follow-up duration was 63.3 mo. Fifty-one (55%) patients exhibited positive expression of NFAT5. Disease recurrence in the NFAT5-positive group was significantly ( P  = 0.022) higher than that in the NFAT5-negative group. NFAT5-positive expression (odds ratio: 2.632, 95% confidence interval: 1.071-6.465, P  = 0.035) and pathologic N stage ( N 1-2 versus N 0; odds ratio: 3.174, 95% confidence interval: 1.241-8.123, P  = 0.016) were independent and significant risk factors for disease recurrence. DFS of the NFAT5-positive group was significantly worse than that of the NFAT5-negative group (89.7 versus 48.7 mo, P  = 0.011). A multivariate analysis identified NFAT5 expression ( P N stages ( P P  = 0.017, respectively). Conclusions NFAT5 expression is a useful prognostic biomarker for NSCLC patients who underwent surgical resection.