Application of a Three-dimensional Print of a Liver in Hepatectomy for Small Tumors Invisible by Intraoperative Ultrasonography: Preliminary Experience

Background Hepatectomy for an invisible small tumor using intraoperative ultrasonography requires technical ingenuity. We used a 3D print of a liver to perform a hepatectomy on two patients with synchronous multiple liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Because of preoperative chemotherapy, one of the tumors became smaller and invisible to ultrasonography in each case. We present our procedure here.