Boosting module power by advanced interconnection and p-type Cz silicon solar cell efficiencies exceeding 22% in mass production

This work addresses the latest performance of Hanwha Q CELLS industrially manufactured p-type monocrystalline silicon solar cells with dielectric-passivated rear side and the corresponding modules. Results of Q.ANTUM solar cell performance are presented, proving the feasibility of PERC-like (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell) solar cells with solar cell conversion efficiency exceeding 22.0% in mass production while maintaining a lean and cost-effective process flow with only few more process steps compared to Al-BSF solar cells (Aluminum Back Surface Field). On module level, additional power-enhancing measures are implemented at Hanwha Q CELLS mass production sites, including the interconnection of half-sized cells by wires instead of ribbons. In total, both the high solar cell conversion efficiency and the implemented module measures enable the industrial manufacturing of 120 half-cell modules with module power classes of mostly 320 Wp and 325 Wp with the use of standard p-type Czochralski-grown silicon wafers. Indeed, modules even exceeding 330 Wp have also been fabricated.This work addresses the latest performance of Hanwha Q CELLS industrially manufactured p-type monocrystalline silicon solar cells with dielectric-passivated rear side and the corresponding modules. Results of Q.ANTUM solar cell performance are presented, proving the feasibility of PERC-like (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell) solar cells with solar cell conversion efficiency exceeding 22.0% in mass production while maintaining a lean and cost-effective process flow with only few more process steps compared to Al-BSF solar cells (Aluminum Back Surface Field). On module level, additional power-enhancing measures are implemented at Hanwha Q CELLS mass production sites, including the interconnection of half-sized cells by wires instead of ribbons. In total, both the high solar cell conversion efficiency and the implemented module measures enable the industrial manufacturing of 120 half-cell modules with module power classes of mostly 320 Wp and 325 Wp with the use of standard p-type Czochralski-grown silicon w...