Is olive oil good for you? A systematic review and meta-analysis on anti-inflammatory benefits from regular dietary intake

2019 
ABSTRACT Objectives To summarize evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of regular dietary intake of olive oil on three inflammatory markers: C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Methods A systematic review of literature was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus and SciELO (2010 to 2018), to locate RCT studies assessing the effect of dietary olive oil consumption on selected inflammatory markers as primary or secondary outcomes in adults. A meta-analysis were performed with random-effects model. Results Overall, 13 (corresponding to nine RCTs) out of 844 papers were selected for qualitative analysis, seven of which were included in a meta-analysis. Five RCTs showed a beneficial anti-inflammatory effect of regular intake of olive oil given as CRP and IL-6 levels. Pooled effects of different interventions with olive oil resulted in statistically significant decrease of IL-6 levels (-0.60 [-0.64, -0.56], p Conclusions RCTs reveal beneficial effects of olive oil by reducing levels of inflammation markers. Olive oil taken on a regular basis can be a good dietary fat alternative, especially to manage IL-6. However, further research is required to clarify the effects of olive oil consumption on inflammation comparing to other fats. Moreover, olive oil daily dosage, different time-length intervention and follow-up periods should be taken into consideration.
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