Alteraciones de la motilidad ocular: parálisis de los nervios craneales tercero, cuarto y sexto y otras causas de diplopía.

Binocular diplopia is associated with ocular misalignment. Identifying the specific clinical signs and symptoms may make it possible to identify specific etiologies for the diplopia. This chapter will explain the diagnosis and management of the primary causes of double vision and ocular misalignment. The relevant anatomy of the ocular motor system will be discussed first, followed by signs and symptoms in patients with diplopia. Most of the discussion will focus on third, fourth and sixth nerve palsies. Other neuromuscular junction, myopathic and restrictive disorders will be mentioned. The differential diagnosis of the major entities that can cause diplopia will be then reviewed.