Ízlelőbimbók beidegzésének változása diabetes mellitusban patkányban | Innervation of papilla vallata in diabetic rats

Bevezetes: A diabetes mellitusban szenvedő betegek 10%-a koros erzesről panaszkodik, amelyek kozott a leggyakoribb a fajdalom es az izerzes zavara. Cel: A papilla vallataban levő kulonboző neuropeptidtartalmu idegrostok valtozasainak vizsgalata diabeteses patkanyokban. Modszerek: A szerzők streptozotocinnal indukalt diabeteses patkanyokban immunhisztokemiai modszerrel vizsgaltak a papilla vallataban levő neuropeptidtartalmu idegrostok mennyisegi valtozasat. Eredmenyek: A substance P, galanin, neuropeptid-Y es vasoactiv intestinalis polipeptid tartalmu idegrostok mennyisege szignifikansan megemelkedett (p<0,05) ket hettel a kezeles utan a nyelv nyalkahartyajaban. A lymphocytak es hizosejtek szama szinten szignifikansan megemelkedett. Az immunreaktiv idegrostok főleg a ham alatt, a tunica propriaban helyezkedtek el, de nehany rost behatolt a hamba is, es megfigyelhetők voltak intergemmalisan es intragemmalisan. A receptorsejtek nem mutattak immunjelzest az altaluk vizsgalt neuropeptidekre. Neuropeptid-Y es vasoactiv intestinalis polipeptid immunreaktiv rostokat nem sikerult az izlelőbimbokban kimutatni. Negy hettel a streptozotocin alkalmazasa utan a substance P, calcitonin gene related peptid es galanin immunreaktiv rostok szama csokkent mind intergemmalisan, mind intragemmalisan. Amennyiben azonnal elkezdtek az inzulinkezelest, akkor az immunreaktiv idegrostok szama hasonlo volt a kontrollhoz, azonban, ha csak a diabetes megjelenese utan egy hettel kezdtek el az inzulinkezelest, akkor az idegrostok mennyisege csokkent. Morfologiailag a papilla vallata nagysagaban nem talaltak kulonbseget a kontroll- es diabeteses patkanyok kozott, de diabeteses patkanyokban kevesebb izlelőbimbot eszleltek. Kovetkeztetes: Az immunreaktiv idegrostok es hizosejtek megemelkedett szama valoszinűleg a neurogen gyulladas kovetkezmenye, ami maga utan vonhatja a szajnyalkahartya karosodasat es vasoconstrictiot okozhat. Az izerzes zavarait a negy hete fennallo diabetes eseten az idegrostok degeneracioja es szambeli csokkenese okozhatja. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 443–448. | Introduction: Abnormal sensations such as pain and impairment of taste are symptoms of approximately 10% of patients having diabetes mellitus. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate and quantify the different neuropeptide containing nerve fibres in the vallate papilla of the diabetic rat. Methods: Immunohistochemical methods were used to study the changes of the number of different neuropeptide containing nerve terminals located in the vallate papillae in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in the rats with streptozotocin. Results: Two weeks after streptozotocin treatment the number of the substance P, galanin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and neuropeptide Y immunoreactive nerve terminals was significantly increased (p<0.05) in the tunica mucosa of the tongue. The number of the lymphocytes and mast cells was also increased significantly. Some of the immunoreactive nerve terminals were located in the lingual epithelium both intragemmally and extragemmally and were seen to comprise dense bundles in the lamina propria just beneath the epithelium. No taste cells were immunoreactive for any of the investigated peptides. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and neuropeptide Y immunoreactive nerve fibres were not detected in the taste buds. For weeks after streptozotocin administration the number of the substance P, calcitonin gene related peptide and galanin immunoreactive nerve terminals was decreased both intragemmally and intergemmally. In case of immediate insulin treatment, the number of the immunoreactive nerve terminals was similar to that of the controls, however, insulin treatment given 1 week later to diabetic rats produced a decreased number of nerve fibers. Morphometry revealed no significant difference in papilla size between the control and diabetic groups, but there were fewer taste buds (per papilla). Conclusions: Increased number of immunoreactive nerve terminals and mast cells 2 weeks after the development of diabetes was the consequence of neurogenic inflammation which might cause vasoconstriction and lesions of the oral mucosa. Taste impairment, which developed 4 weeks after streptozotocin treatment could be caused by neuropathic defects and degeneration or morphological changes in the taste buds and nerve fibres. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 443–448.