Timing of venous thromboembolic pharmacological prophylaxis in traumatic combined subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Abstract Background The combination of subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage is the most common intracranial bleeding. The present study evaluated the timing and type of venous thromboembolic chemoprophylaxis (VTEp) for efficacy and safety in patients with blunt head trauma with combined acute subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methods Patients with isolated combined acute subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage were extracted from the ACS-TQIP database (2013–2017). After 1:1 cohort matching of patients receiving early prophylaxis (EP, ≤48 h) versus late prophylaxis (LP, >48 h) outcomes were compared with univariable and multivariable regression analysis. Results Multivariable regression analysis identified EP as an independent protective factor for VTE complications (OR 0.468, CI 0.293–0.748) but not mortality (p = 0.485). The adjusted risk for delayed craniectomy was not associated with EP compared to LP (p = 0.283). The type of VTEp was not associated with VTE complications (p = 0.301), mortality (p = 0.391) or delayed craniectomy (p = 0.126). Conclusions Early VTEp (≤48 h) was associated with fewer VTE complications in patients and did not increase the risk for craniectomies in patients with combined acute subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage.