Autonomic disorders and their recognition

The autonomic nervous system, through the sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways, supplies and influences every organ in the body. It closely integrates vital processes, such as blood pressure and body temperature. Its immense capability and flexibility depend on intricate neurologic pathways, involving the action of numerous transmitters. As we approach the centennial of the use of the term “autonomic nervous system,” which was coined by Langley in 1898, we should ask whether autonomic disorders are being sufficiently considered, suitably investigated, and appropriately managed in clinical practice. Awareness is the first step in recognition. Autonomic disorders may be localized or generalized.1 The . . .