Producción de enzimas hidrolíticas y actividad antagónica de Trichoderma asperellum sobre dos cepas de Fusarium aisladas de cultivos de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum) Production of hydrolytic enzymes and antagonic activity of Trichoderma asperellum on two strains of Fusarium isolated from tomato crop (Solanum lycopersicum)

The soil fungi genera Trichoderma presents global distribution. There are different biological strategies associated to its high rate of survival on different environments. To control phytopathogenic fungi the most featured strategies are the antagonistic and the produc - tion of cell wall degrading enzymes. The aim of this work was to determine the antagonism capacity of the strain T109 of T. asperellum against two native isolates of Fusarium sp. (M2Root, M3Stem) and to evaluate the effect of different carbon sources (starch, cell wall of Rhizoctonia solani -PCRS-, colloidal chitin and laminarin) on the production of glucanases and chitinases. Trichoderma asperellum T109 showed good antagonistic activity against both phytopathogen isolates, shown a reduction in growth mycelial of 60% and 40% for M2Root and M3Stem, respectively. Both lytic enzymes were detectated on all evaluated carbon sources. The glucanase activity was higher on the substrate added with PCRS. Chitinase activity was not significantly different in all substrates evaluated. These results con - firm the antagonist activity in vitro of T. asperellum T109 against phytopathogens presents on tomato crop, and it was determined that T109 strain is a good producer of glucanases especially in minimum media added with PCRS.