Ancient DNA Reveals Key Stages in the Formation of Central European Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity

To investigate the genetic origins of modern Europeans, Brandt et al. (p. [257][1]) examined ancient mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and were able to identify genetic differences in 364 Central Europeans spanning the early Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age. Observed changes in mitochondrial haplotypes corresponded with hypothesized human migration across Eurasia and revealed the complexity of the demographic changes and evidence of a Late Neolithic origin for the European mtDNA gene pool. This transect through time reveals four key population events associated with well-known archaeological cultures, which involved genetic influx into Central Europe from various directions at various times. [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.1241844