Channel Estimation Aware Performance Analysis for Massive MIMO with Rician Fading

In this paper, by considering the average mean squared error (AMSE) of channel estimation, we primarily obtain the closed-from expressions of the probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function of AMSE for the least squares (LS)/minimum mean squared error (MMSE) estimation method as the line-of-sight (LOS) component is known, where the asymptotic analysis is executed in Rayleigh fading and strong LOS conditions. Secondly, the closed-form expressions for the expectation of AMSE ( ${\mathrm{Exp}}_{\mathrm{amse}}$ ) and variance of AMSE ( ${\mathrm{Var}}_{\mathrm{amse}}$ ) are acquired, where ${\mathrm{Var}}_{\mathrm{amse}}$ is inversely proportional to the number of antennas ( $M$ ). As $M$ becomes infinite, the PDF of AMSE at ${\mathrm{Exp}}_{\mathrm{amse}}$ has an order of root ${M}$ . When the pilot power decreases with $M$ in a power law, the LS case keeps deteriorating while the MMSE case converges to a constant which basically depends on the Rician $K$ -factor. Next, the spectral efficiency is investigated by considering AMSE. When ${\mathrm{Exp}}_{\mathrm{amse}}$ accelerates, the spectral efficiency of the LS method keeps dropping and that of the MMSE method firstly is degraded and then is improved to a constant except Rayleigh fading. Finally, all results are validated via simulations.