Molluscicidal efficacy of three kinds of plants mixed with Streptomyces violaceoruber against snail Oncomelania hupensis

To develop high-efficiency and low-toxicity plant molluscicides against snail(Oncomelania hupensis),the water extracts of Carpesium abrotanoides,Xanthium sibiricum,and Artemisia carvifolia were respectively mixed with Streptomyces violaceoruber solution,and the mollusicicidal efficacy of the liquid mixtures against O.hupensis was evaluated,with the comparison of corresponding granular mixtures.After 7-day exposure to the 1% liquid mixtures of C.abrotanoides and S.violaceoruber and of X.sibiricum and S.violaceoruber,the mortality of the snail was 17.6%(P=0.019) and 5.3%(P=0.362) lower than that exposed to the corresponding granular mixtures,respectively;while after 7-day exposure to the 1% liquid mixture of A.carvifolia and S.violaceoruber,the mortality was 6.7%(P=0.022) higher than that exposed to corresponding granular mixture.The granules of C.abrotanoides mixed with S.violaceoruber and of X.sibiricum mixed with S.violaceoruber had higher synergistic effects than the corresponding liquid mixtures.