Lingual Frenulum Phenotypes in Brazilian Infants With Congenital Zika Syndrome

Objective:The present study aimed to evaluate lingual frenulum in children affected by congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) and to analyze the association of lingual frenulum phenotypes with other variables.Design:This present work had a cross-sectional, descriptive study design.Setting:This study was carried out in Fortaleza (Brazil). The health professionals provided tertiary level of care. Data collection occurred during a multidisciplinary task force for evaluating infants affected by CZS in December 2 to 3, 2016.Patients:Fifty-four patients with CZS (1-12 months old; 32 girls and 22 boys) were recruited from a population of 70 infants.Interventions:A multidisciplinary group comprised of speech-language pathologist/audiologists and pediatric dentists evaluated all patients through an intraoral examination and a specific tongue maneuver protocol for infants.Main Outcome Measures:Lingual frenulum visibility was the primary outcome measure. Before initiating the study, we hypothesized that children with CZS ha...