A study of street-level navigation techniques in 3D digital cities on mobile touch devices

To characterize currently most common interaction techniques for street-level navigation in 3D digital cities for mobile touch devices in terms of their efficiency and usability, we conducted a user study, where we compared target selection (Go-To), rate control (Joystick), position control, and stroke-based control navigation metaphors. The results suggest users performed best with the Go-To interaction technique. The subjective comments showed a preference of novices towards Go-To and expert users towards Joystick technique.