TECNOLOGÍA PARA EL TRATAMIENTO DE LIXIVIADOS PROVENIENTES DE VERTEDEROS DE RESIDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS

The objective of the present work is to expose the obtained results in the developing of one technology of leachate treatment coming from the landfills, considering the physical-chemical evaluation of the wastes generated in the three main landfills of Havana City. The samples were collected according to the orientations about sampling of wastewaters (ISO 5667-10), evaluating the indicators of quality according to the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. For the estimation of the generation of leachate a hydrological balance was carried out, considering for it all the streams in the landfill that enter and leave. The obtained results show the high content of organic matter expressed as DQO and DBO5 , in rain and dry season, with concentration of fecal coliformes between 104 and 105 NMP/100mL. No significant differences were observed among leachates coming from the different landfills evaluated (a: 0,05). 42 m3/d of leachate was obtained from the hydrological balance, with a minimum of 13 m3/d (dry season), comparable with the results reported in the literature. The technology is distinguished for the following: septic tank - anaerobic filter - lagoons system, with which the reduction of the main pollutant is guaranteed, expressed in terms of DQO and DBO5 from 2011 to 75 mg/L and of 902 to 30 mg/L respectively as well as of pathogenic microorganisms, assuring the final disposition of the treated wastes.