Biological, thermal and mechanical characterization of modified glass ionomer cements: The role of nanohydroxyapatite, ciprofloxacin and zinc l-carnosine

Abstract The study evaluated the effects of 4 wt% nanohydroxyapatite (HA), 6 wt% zinc l -carnosine (MDA) and 1.5 wt% Ciprofloxacin (AB) on the mechanical, thermal and biological properties of glass ionomer cements (GIC). Filler and additive concentrations were selected after a previous study had tested single components and different percentages. Specimens included five silicon molds of each GIC cement for all tests. They were stored at room temperature for 24 h from specimen collection to analysis. Mechanical tests, calorimetric analysis, morphological investigation, antibacterial and cell viability assays were conducted. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for data analysis with significance set at p