Traditional Chinese Medicine Brucea Javanica Oil Enhances the Efficacy of Anlotinib in a Mouse Model of Liver-Metastasis of Small-cell Lung Cancer

Background/aim Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recalcitrant disease with liver and other metastasis. The present study evaluated the efficacy of the traditional Chinese medicine Brucea javanica oil (BJO) combined with anlotinib, a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor with anti-angiogenic activity, on a nude-mouse model of SCLC liver metastasis. Materials and methods The mouse model was established by injecting NCI-H446 cells (1×106) in Matrigel (20 μl) into the upper liver lobe. All animals were randomized and assigned to three groups: Control (n=8); anlotinib alone (n=8; 3 mg/kg, qd×14+7-day interval with two cycles, oral); anlotinib plus BJO (n=8; 3 mg/kg anlotinib qd×14+7-day interval with two cycles, orally; BJO: 1 g/kg, qd×6 weeks, orally). Body weight was determined every week. Six weeks after initial treatment, tumors were collected for analysis of angiogenesis using immunohistochemistry. Results The combination of anlotinib and BJO significantly inhibited growth of SCLC liver metastases and angiogenesis more than anlotinib monotherapy (p=0.043). In addition, BJO alleviated body-weight loss associated with anlotinib therapy, including general mouse condition. Conclusion The results of the present study indicate that the combination of anlotinib with BJO is promisingly active against liver metastases of SCLC, and has clinical potential.