Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Rock Burst Tendency and Crack Development Characteristics of Tianhu Granite

Rock burst is a serious nonlinear dynamic geological hazard in underground engineering construction. In this paper, a true triaxial unloading rock burst experiment and numerical simulation are carried out on Tianhu granite to investigate the rock burst tendency and crack development characteristics of surrounding rock after excavation. The experiment and numerical simulation process monitored the rock burst stress path to determine the rock burst stress. According to the evolution law of the frequency and amplitude of rock burst acoustic emission monitoring, the shape characteristics of rock burst fragments are analyzed. The rock burst numerical simulation analysis is carried out by the PFC software, and the temporal and spatial evolution law of cracks is obtained. The research results show that the laboratory experiment and numerical simulation of Tianhu granite have rock burst strengths of 163.4 MPa and 161 MPa, respectively, and the average rock burst stress ratio is 8.38, that is, the Tianhu granite has a low rock burst tendency. During the rock burst, the development of tensile cracks will produce flaky debris, and the development of shear cracks will produce lumpy debris. Rock burst will happen when the crack growth rate to be exceeded the unloading crack growth rate; therefore, it can be used as a precursor signal for the occurrence of rock burst.