Analysis of differences of PSA levels, prostate cancer detection rate and pathological grading between Uygur and Han people

Objective To investigate the differences in prostate cancer between Uygur and Han ethnic groups in Xinjiang and the possible factors influencing the differences.Methods A retrospective analysis was done in Uygur and Han patients over 50 years with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) from May 2007 to October 2013.Six hundred and ninety-six patients (Uygur:152,Han:544) complying with prostate biopsy were picked out after PSA test,digital rectal examination,prostate ultrasound transabdominal and MRI.They were divided into 4 age groups based on every l0 years:50-59 years group,60-69 years group,70-79 years group,and ≥ 80 years group.A comparison was made in different tPSA levels of prostate cancer detection rates and pathological grading of Uygur and Han groups.Results The tPSA levels of Uygurs were as follows:50-59 years group:11.1 (11.6) μg/L; 60-69 years group:15.6 (39.0) μg/L; 70-79 years group:17.4 (25.1) μg/L; ≥ 80 years group:11.7 (19.4) μg/L.While the tPSA levels of Hans were as follows:50-59 years group:11.8 (17.9) μg/L; 60-69 years group:16.5 (33.0) μg/L; 70-79 years group:18.3 (40.2) μg/L; ≥80 years group:44.4 (71.5) μg/L.The tPSA level of Uygur cases in any age group was lower than that of Hans.Among 276 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer,the detection rates of Uygurs were as follows:＜4 μg/L group:0 (0) ; 4-10 μg/L group:16.1％ (5/31) ; ＞10-20 μg/L group:14.3％ (7/49); ＞20 μg/L group:64.5％ (40/62) and the detection rates of Hans were as follows:＜4 μg/L group:29.2％ (7/24); 4-10 μg/L group:17.0％(18/106); ＞10-20 μg/L group:19.9％ (31/ 156) ; ＞20 μg/L group:65.1％ (168/258).The detection rate of Uygurs in each group was lower than that of Hans but there were no significant differences (P＞0.05).Pathological grading of prostate cancer between Uygur and Han cases were listed as follows:the well differentiated group:Uygur:12 (23.1％),Han:48 (21.4％) ; the moderately differentiated group:Uygur:17 (32.7％),Han:72 (32.1％) ; the poorly differentiated group:Uygur:23 (44.2％),Han:104 (46.4％).The levels between Uygurs and Hans were nearly the same (Z=-0.316),showing no significant difference (P =0.752).The prostate cancer detection rate was correlated with the ages of Uygurs and Hans (r=10.130,P=0.017; r=37.666,P=0.000),and the prostate cancer detection rate was also correlated with the PSA levels of Uygurs and Hans (r=32.577,P =0.000; r=81.291,P=0.000).Conclusions The tPSA level of Uygur cases in any age group and the detection rate of prostate cancer of Uygurs in each PSA group are lower than those of Hans but there are almost no significant differences.The prostate cancer detection rate is correlated with the ages and PSA levels of Uygurs and Hans. Key words: Prostate specific antigen;  Ethnic groups;  Diet