Calculation of Vacuum-Evaporative Cooling of Water, Taking Into Account the Transfer of Heat to the Water–Vapor Interface

The existing method of estimating the duration of vacuum-evaporative cooling of fluids based on the heat balance ratio in differential form gives an idealized result (an estimation “from the top”). Therefore, the model presented here describes the development of the process and takes into account heat transfer characteristics: the heat transfer coefficient from water and the geometric surface of the vapor–water interface. Methods of intensifying liquid cooling were described.