Влияние гидролизата клеточной стенки лактобактерий lactobacillus delbrueckii на процессы иммунной защиты

Fragments of peptidoglycans, namely muramyl peptides, induce a complex cellular response through the activation of pattern recognition receptors. Over the past two decades, many structural sequences have been discovered that bind PG (proteins containing LysM; intracellular regulatory proteins of  NOD-like receptors; proteins that bind the domain with penicillins and Ser / Thr-kinases; peptidoglycan recognition proteins; lectin-like receptors of C -type; eukaryotic  cytosolic hexonicases). It has been shown that the use of muramyl peptides is an effective tool for modulating the cellular response, and for enhancing the production of proinflammatory cytokines in particular. The cytotoxicity of peptidoglycan fractions against various types of tumors, including sarcoma, leukemia, melanoma, and lung cancer, has been revealed. The tumor activity of  muropeptides with antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects is associated with modulation of cytokine and chemokine production. It is especially significant that muramyl peptides are able to reduce the bioenergetic ratio of mitochondria as an anomaly of energy metabolism, associated with a tumor, may be the cause of suppression of cancer processes. Under natural conditions of environmental pollution, the immunomodulatory effect of the enzymatic hydrolyzate of the cell wall of Lactobacillus delbrueckiiis manifested the complex stimulation of the humoral and cellular links of the immune response, which was confirmed by an increase in the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of colostrum. The use of such immunomodulators can be a promising basis for regulation of the mechanisms of immune resistance, maintaining health and increasing the weight gain of animals for the first weeks of life.