Perfil epidemiológico y molecular de Rickettsiosis en localidades de Frontera Peruana
2017
Objectives. To determine the circulation of Rickettsia in the years 2010 and 2011 in border locations in four regions of
Peru and their clinical epidemiological and molecular characteristics. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study
was carried out in Tumbes, Tacna, Madre de Dios, and Loreto. Whole blood samples were obtained from participants
for culture and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) testing. The DNA taken from leukocytes and ectoparasite cultures was
used, and those genes detected for Rickettsia that were successfully amplified were sequenced and analyzed. Results.
A total of 33.8% of those surveyed carried Rickettsia antibodies (21.7% in Loreto, 33.0% in Madre de Dios, 48.2% in
Tacna, and 33.3% in Tumbes). Seropositivity was confirmed with IIF in over 40% of isolates. Molecular tests showed
the presence of Rickettsia felis in Ctenocephalides felis of dogs and cats in Tacna and a recently reported species for
Latin America, Candidatus Rickettsia asemboensis, in fleas of cats and dogs in Loreto, Madre de Dios, and Tacna. Of
the population studied, 81.4% reported a history of contact with ectoparasites, 22.6% were asymptomatic, and 27.8%
lived in earthen-floored homes without water or drainage. Conclusions. Serological and molecular evidence confirms
the circulation of Rickettsia in the border locations studied, with predisposing epidemiological factors. Tests confirm the
presence of two species, Rickettsia felis and Candidatus Rickettsia asemboensis, which represent a potential threat to
the health of the inhabitants.
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