A review of coated nano- and micro-lattice materials

Emerging additive manufacturing methods have enabled the fabrication of novel 3D nano- and micro-architected lattice materials, allowing researchers to investigate previously unexplored phenomena and property spaces. This new class of materials, which are mainly made from polymers, can be further functionalized through the deposition of ceramic and metallic coatings opening up even more property spaces as a result of unprecedented mechanical behaviors and functionalities. By leveraging an expansive material workspace, architectural hierarchy, and materials size effects, these structures have been shown to achieve high strength, low density, and exceptional recoverability with promise in applications ranging from cell and tissue growth to energy storage. This review addresses the current development space of coated nano- and micro-lattice structures and highlights important considerations that influence their behavior and functionality. Discussing deposition methods and present challenges, this review offers foundational insight on generating new advanced coated lattice systems.