Responses of Rice (Oryza satival L.) Yield and Percolation Water Quality to Alternative Irrigation Waters

Objective of this study was to investigate the influences of harvest index and percolation water quality as irrigated the discharge waters from an industrial and a municipal wastewater treatment plants and seawater (1:5 seawater: tap water) as alternative water resources during tillering stage for drought stress. There were four different treatments such as the discharge water from an industrial (textile dyeing manufacture plant) wastewater treatment plant (DIWT),discharge water from the municipal wastewater treatment plant (DIWT) seawater (1:5) and ground-water as a control. For the initial chemical compositions of alternative waters, it appeared that higher concentrations of COD, Mn^(2+), and Ni^(+) in DIWT were observed than reused criteria of other country for irrigation, and concentrations of EC_(i), Cl and SO₄ in seawater were higher than that for irrigation. Harvest index was not significantly different between DIWT and DMWT with different irrigation periods in two soil types, but that of seawater (1:5) is decreased with irrigation periods in clay loam soil and not different between 10 days and 20 days of irrigation periods in sandy loam soil. For percolation water qualities, values of sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) are increased with prolonging the imgation periods of seawater (1:5) and DIWT, but those of DMWT were almost constant through the cultivation periods regardless of the irrigation period in both soil types. EC_(i) of percolation waters is eventually increased with prolonging days after irrigation regardless of irrigation periods in both soil types. Therefore, it might be concluded that there was potentially safe to irrigate the discharge water from municipal wastewater treatment plant relative to harvest index, SAR and EC_(i) values of the ground water through the rice cultivation period at tillering stage for drought period.