The use of ice to cool the concrete mix in the construction of massive structures

This article proposes a formula to determine the required amount of ice to partially replace the water in the concrete mix to control the initial temperature of the concrete mix and reduce possible cracking. The formula was created based on the principle of energy balance in the heat transfer process. At the same time, the obtained results were compared with the other methods. Besides, an example of the calculation for a concrete block during the construction was performed. The maximum temperature and temperature difference in mass concrete obtained depend significantly on the initial temperature of the concrete mixture. The research results and the proposed techniques can be used in the practical design of mass concrete structures.