[Pulmonary histoplasmosis exhibiting solitary pulmonary nodule resected by thoracoscopic surgery: a case report and review of the Japanese literature].

: We reported a case of pulmonary histoplasmosis showing solitary nodular shadow. A 43-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of an abnormal shadow on chest X-ray films during a routine checkup. He had traveled to Honduras for 7 days. Chest computed tomographic (CT) scans showed a 13 x 12 mm nodular shadow with unclear margin in the left upper lobe (S3). Both transbronchial lung biopsy and CT guided transcutaneous needle biopsy failed to yield a definitive diagnosis. Thoracoscopic resection of the nodule was performed due to suspicion of lung cancer. Pathologically, the nodule displayed central caseous necrosis with many round yeast-like fungi. The fungi measured 3 to 4 microns in diameter and were well-stained by Grocott stain. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for anti-Histoplasma capsulatum antibody, resulting in the final diagnosis of pulmonary histoplasmosis. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, and no recurrence was observed. Histoplasmosis is a rare disease in Japan. However, it is important to keep imported infectious diseases in mind when examining and treating patients who have a history of travel abroad.