Time flight imaging spectrum system and method based on compressed sensing and coding transformation

The invention relates to a time flight imaging spectrum system based on compressed sensing and coding transformation. The time flight imaging spectrum system comprises a pulse laser unit, a telescope unit, an imaging lens, a first beam expanding collimating lens, a first digital micro-mirror, a camera, a concave surface collimating mirror, a spectro-grating, a first convergent lens, a second digital micro-mirror, a second convergent lens, a light combining grating, a third convergent lens, a point detector, a Hadamard inverse transformation module, a compression calculation relevance module and a flight time relevance module. The pulse laser unit comprises an active pulse light source, a second beam expanding collimating lens and a second mirror. The telescope unit comprises a concave surface mirror, a convex surface mirror and a first mirror. The flight time relevance module comprises a synchronous control unit and a timescale converter.