Multilevel Sensor Networks for Precision Farming and Environmental Monitoring

Plants as all alive suffer from impacts of natural or anthropogenic stress factors. Creation of wireless smart biosensors and wireless sensor networks on their base for express-diagnostic of plant state on large territories under impact of stresses of different origin provides to apply managerial measures in time to decrease the negative impact of natural and anthropogenic load on the state of agricultural lands and green plantations of megalopolis, national preserves, woodlands and parklands. The applications of wireless technologies in agriculture and ecological monitoring are considered. The main aim of the multilevel sensor network is real-time data acquisition of state of plants on large territories, on-line data processing and timely decision making according to specified criteria. Multilevel sensor network has two levels. The low level is intended for plant state data acquisition and consists of several wireless sensor networks as primary data acquisition systems. The high level of multilevel sensor network works in "cloud" environment and the main purpose of this level is data storage, data analysis and managerial decision making. The main work purpose is development of low-cost wireless smart biosensors for express-diagnostics of common state of plants and creating the proper software and methodical support for integration of these wireless biosensors into wireless sensor network and multilevel sensor network for express-diagnostics of plant state on large territories, what make possible to spread the application of new information and communication technologies to industrial agriculture, ecological monitoring and environmental protection.