Damage of TWIP Steels for Automotive Application

Ultra high strength Fe-Mn-C austenitic steels with low Stacking Fault Energy (SFE) have been studied for more than fifty years [1]. They offer a great potential for reducing automotive body weight through their formability and their high mechanical properties. Tensile strength levels higher than 1000 MPa in combination with a high ductility (>50%) are reached by the optimization of the Twinning Induced Plasticity (TWIP) effect and the control of the microstructure