High-performance Sn-based metal-organic frameworks anode materials synthesized by flexible and controllable methods for lithium-ion batteries

Sn-based materials have great potential as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. However, large volume expansion hinders the development of Sn-based materials. With the special structure of the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), the electrode materials can maintain structural stability during the Li+ reversible insertion/exsertion process. Here, Sn-based MOFs anode materials with different morphologies are prepared by two different flexible and controllable methods, reflux method (named as reflux Sn-MOF), and hydrothermal method (named as hydrothermal Sn-MOF). The structures and electrochemical properties of the as-prepared samples are estimated by scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, charge-discharge characterizations, etc. The reflux Sn-MOF materials exhibit better electrochemical properties than the hydrothermal one for anode materials. The results reveal that the reflux Sn-MOF anode material shows a higher lithium storage capacity of 613 mAh g−1 with the Coulombic efficiency close to 99%.