A case control study of clinical and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome with special attention among young and middle aged population

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MS) increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other complications. Aim The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and biochemical parameters of MS and its complications (cerebrovascular accidents, cardiovascular accidents, DN or chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with healthy controls especially among the younger population in Northern India. Material and methods A total of 245 (healthy, MS and it's complicated) aged 18–70 years participated in the Open-Label, Single Centered; hospital-based random selection case-control comparative study. All anthropometric and biochemical assessment was done after proper consent. The metabolic syndrome was determined by IDF criteria. Results The key risk parameters in three groups i.e. Control, Metabolic syndrome, and Complicated was TG (96.5 ± 46.9, 194.1 ± 87.8, 148.0 ± 102.2). LDL (91.2 ± 27.2, 114.0 ± 31.8, 69.1 ± 42.5, BP (120.1 ± 9.9, 139.3 ± 13.3, 132.1 ± 15.0) and high fasting glucose (81.1 ± 13.7, 164.5 ± 84.3, 138.0 ± 74.5). The hs-CRP is also significantly increased in the complicated group. The subanalysis of data also indicates that younger middle age (36–55 years) group both male and female is obese, hypertensive, diabetic with lipid abnormality according to IDF criteria. Conclusion: The risk factors like high TG, low HDL, high BP, and high fasting glucose were found higher particularly in younger population which may lead to diagnosis & complications of diabetes, hypertension and lipid abnormality. Due to changing physiology in young and middle age population these individuals are moving towards metabolic syndrome easily and needs frequent monitoring, preventive checkups, and lifestyle changes to prevent complications.