Sensibilite des souches d’Escherichia coli isolees sur deux annees (2009 -2010) aux β-lactamines et quinolones au laboratoire de microbiologie du CHU Campus de Lome

Introduction: Escherichia coli est une bacterie retrouvee a l’etat commensal dans le systeme digestif des animaux et des hommes. Elle devient responsable d’infections intestinales par acquisition de facteurs de pathogenicite. Elle est aussi la premiere bacterie responsable d’infections urinaires. Les molecules utilisees dans le traitement des infections dues a cette bacterie, appartiennent a deux familles principalement : β -lactamines et quinolones. Objectifs: etudier la sensibilite des souches d’ E. coli aux β -lactamines et quinolones. Materiel et methode: C’est une etude descriptive analytique realisee de fevrier 2009 a Decembre 2010 sur les registres archives d’antibiogramme au sein du Centre hospitalier Campus de Lome en son unite de bacteriologie des services des laboratoires. Resultats: Au cours de ces deux annees, 79,7% de resistance a l’amoxicilline a ete notee. Pour l’association amoxicilline+ acide clavulanique, 76,9% de resistance ; 18,9% de resistance a la ceftriaxone. Les phenotypes de resistances suivants ont ete observes : penicillinase haut niveau (PHN), penicillinase resistante aux inhibiteurs (TRI), betalactamase a spectre elargie (BLSE). Ainsi 03 souches ont presente le phenotype PHN en 2009 contre 47 souches en 2010 ; 16 en 2009 pour les TRI contre 29 en 2010. En 2009, 4 souches etaient BLSE contre 19 en 2010. 52,4% resistants a la ciprofloxacine. 7,7%. En 2009, 15 souches sur les 47 testees soit 31,9% etaient resistantes a la ciprofloxacine (ciproR), contre 42 ciproR sur les 85 souches testees en 2010 soit 49,4%. Conclusion: la resistance a ces molecules cles vont en croissant et donc reste alarmant. Mots cles: E. coli , susceptibilite aux β  -lactamines et quinolones, Lome English Title: Sensitivity of the strains of Escherichia coli isolated from 2009 to 2010 to β -lactamines and quinolons in the microbiology laboratory of CHU Campus de Lome English Abstract Introduction: Escherichia coli is a bacterium found in the commensal state in the digestive system of animals and humans. It becomes responsible for intestinal infections by acquisition of pathogenicity factors. It is also the first bacterium responsible for urinary  infections. The molecules used in the treatment of infections due to this bacterium belong to two families mainly: β-lactams and quinolons. Objectives: To study the susceptibility of E. coli strains to β-lactams and quinolons. Materials and methods: This is a descriptive analytical study carried out from february 2009 to December, 2010 on the archived antibiogram records in the Centre Hospitalier Campus of Lome in its bacteriology unit of laboratory services. Results: During these two years, 79.7% resistance to amoxicillin was noted. For the amoxicillin + clavulanic acid combination, 76.9% resistance; 18.9% resistance to ceftriaxone. The following resistance phenotypes were observed: high-level penicillinase (HLP), inhibitor-resistant penicillinase (IRT), expanded spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL). Thus, 03 strains presented the phenotype PHN in 2009 against 47 strains in 2010; 16 in 2009 for IRT compared to 29 in 2010. In 2009, 4 strains were ESBL compared to 19 in 2010. 52.4% resistant to ciprofloxacin. 7.7%. In 2009, 15 of the 47 strains tested were 31.9% resistant to ciprofloxacin (ciproR), compared with 42 ciproR of the 85 strains tested in 2010, ie 49.4%. Conclusion: Resistance to these key molecules is increasing and therefore remains alarming. Keywords: E. coli , susceptibility to β-lactams and quinolones, Lome