Chapter 41 – Coffee and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: An Overview of Epidemiologic Studies

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Considering the global burden of cardiovascular diseases, along with the popularity of coffee, even small health effects of coffee could have substantial public health impact. Nevertheless, in the field of cardiovascular diseases, coffee has generated a plethora of controversial research findings, and data from epidemiologic studies are unlikely to be conclusive. Indeed, moderation seems to be the keyword that may shed light on this controversial topic. In fact, the possible health effects of coffee on both cardiovascular diseases’ morbidity and mortality have been observed at moderate intake, whereas they disappear at heavy or very heavy consumption.