Oxide perovskites, double perovskites and derivatives for electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and photovoltaics

Searching for novel functional materials represents an important direction in the research and development of renewable energy. Due to their unique structural and compositional flexibility and high material stability, oxide perovskites and their derivatives have recently been extensively explored as a class of versatile materials for applications in electrocatalysis (EC), photocatalysis (PC) and photovoltaics (PV), showing great promise in terms of catalytic activity and device stability. In this review, we firstly discuss the extreme flexibilities of oxide perovskites in terms of their structures and compositions, which lead to a treasure trove of materials for diverse applications. Secondly, the current status of their applications and challenges in EC, PC and PV are reviewed. We attempt to build the connections between the structural and compositional flexibility and the tunable material properties desirable for various applications.