Diagnosis and treatment of acute graft-versus-host disease after liver transplantation: A report of 11cases.

Abstract Objective: This study aims to summarize a clinical experience on the diagnosis and treatment of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) after liver transplantation. Methods: Between April 2005 and August 2016, 11 recipients who underwent OLT developed aGVHD with clinical symptoms of fever, rash, diarrhea and pancytopenia. T lymphocyte chimerism in peripheral blood was detected though STR-PCR. These patients were treated with immunosuppressant adjustment, methylprednisolone, basiliximab, etc. All the results were recorded and summarized. Results: We demonstrated the diagnostic criteria of aGVHD based on our experiences: Burdick et al. (1988) [1] these occurred from two weeks to two months after the liver transplantation; Chan et al. (2007) [2] fever, rash, digestive tract symptoms and bone marrow suppression were the four symptoms that appear edin any order; Perri et al. (2007) [3] the percentage of donor T lymphocytes in peripheral blood was more than 10%. All 11 recipients underwent treatment including immunosuppressant adjustment, glucocorticoids, IVIG and organ function support. Among these recipients, two survived due to successful treatment, while nine recipients died due to infection and cerebral and digestive tract hemorrhage. It is noteworthy that the occurrence of aGVHD was related to the dose of immunosuppressive agents, and suggests the concept of “aGVHD induced by immunosuppression”. Conclusions: The diagnostic criteria of aGVHD is mainly based on time, clinical symptoms and the percentage of donor T lymphocytes in peripheral blood. The concept of “aGVHD induced by immunosuppression” provides important guidance in the immunosuppressant management, control, or prevention of infection. Support treatment is very important in the treatment of aGVHD.