C URRENT OPINION Cystoisospora and Cyclospora

Purpose of reviewThe present review focuses on recent epidemiological and diagnostic advances in cystoisosporiasis andcyclosporiasis.Recent findingsContinuous outbreaks of these parasites occur worldwide. Sporadic cases in the United States are travelacquired, but also domestically acquired. New molecular diagnostic methods allow for accurate earlydiagnosis in humans, and might potentially decrease the burden of disease by detecting these parasites invehicles of transmission.SummaryBetter understanding of the epidemiology of Cyclospora cayetanensis and to a less extent to Cystoisosporabelli has been gained recently. However, several gaps still remain in knowledge on the transmission andon mechanisms of persistent infection in immunosuppressed patients and prevention. New molecularmethods might help in filling these gaps and in controlling transmission.Keywordscoccidian parasites, Cyclospora, Cystoisospora