Data processing method and device for earthquake imaging

The invention discloses a data processing method and device for earthquake imaging, and belongs to the technical field of seismic prospecting. The method includes the steps: picking up a zero-offset VSP preliminary longitudinal wave and a certain number of uplink strong reflection wave fields (including uplink P waves and uplink SV waves), establishing an initial speed model of a stratum near a shaft, realizing two-dimension earthquake imaging of the zero-offset VSP uplink P waves and uplink SV waves through a constant speed gradient complexity medium bidirectional ray tracking method by starting with zero-offset VSP ray tracking, and verifying validity by the model and also by processing actual high-steep structure zero-offset VSP data. The advantages of the data processing method and device are that VSP uplink P waves and uplink SV waves can be accurately imaged, offset arc illusion on other fluctuation equation imaging profiles does not exist, and auxiliary explaining for a fine structure of a stratum near a shaft is achieved.