Preoperative serum anti Müllerian hormone level is a potential predictor of ovarian endometrioma severity and postoperative fertility

Abstract Objective To establish a model for predicting American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) scores before endometrioma surgery based on serum AMH level and to identify factors that might reliably predict postoperative fertility of women diagnosed with endometrioma. Study design The study population was composed of 134 women with endometriomas, 58 with benign cysts, and 115 with non-ovarian lesions. Preoperative serum AMH levels and clinical parameters were compared among three groups. Univariate correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression modeling with a stepwise method was performed for constructing an ASRM score prediction model. Cox regression analysis were then used to identify predictive variables of spontaneous pregnancy following surgical treatment of endometrioma.. Results Preoperative AMH levels were significantly lower in the endometrioma group than in the other two groups (p  3.68 ng/ml, HR: 2.383; 95% CI, 1.093 to 5.197) were independent predictors for postoperative fertility. Conclusion Patients with advanced staged endometrioma tended to have a lower serum AMH level while postoperative infertility was more likely to occur in older patients with a lower level of serum AMH. Thus, timely detection of AMH levels to assess the severity of ovarian endometriosis and possibility for postoperative pregnancy success is necessary to ensure that optimal medical treatment can be provided.