Phytosynthesized magnetic iron oxide nanoparticle from Terminalia Chebula seed extract and its sensing application

Green-synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄ NPs) using Terminalia Chebula (TC) seed extract has been suggested as a possible eco-friendly alternative to chemical and physical methods. T. Chebula seed extracts contain several chemical compounds such as chebulagic, chebulin and carilagin, while this plant also contains various antioxidants such as phloroglucinol, pyrogallic, vanillic and caffeic acid. Green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles has accumulated ultimate interest over the last few years due to their distinctive properties. This investigation utilized an aqueous extract of seeds (TC) to produce iron oxide nanoparticles with ferric chloride and ferrous sulphate as metal ions sources (precursor material). The change in colour of the reaction mixture with time provides a preliminary examination for the nanoparticle synthesis, which is subsequently verified by advanced techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy. Advanced sophisticated techniques like FTIR, DLS, XRD, AFM, SEM, TEM are used to examine its structural, optical, and morphological properties. After this the as-prepared nanoparticle was deposited using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) on ITO (Indium tin oxide)-glass substrate. The fabricated electrode was then used for label-free sensing of Vitamin C/Ascorbic acid (AA). The desired work is novel for synthesizing magnetic iron nanoparticles and their utilization for fabricating electrochemical biosensor devices for the label-free detection of Vitamin C. Thus, it provides a potential sensing platform for electrochemical studies to detect AA.