Optimización del cálculo del campo electromagnético debido a una descarga atmosférica; Reducing computational time in the electromagnetic field calculation due to indirect stroke

Para calcular el sobrevoltaje inducido en una linea de transmision debido a una descarga atmosferica se necesita estimar el campo electromagnetico. El calculo del campo consume tiempo de computo prohibitivo; por esta razon desde la decada de los 80’s se inicio la busqueda de como simplificar los modelos para hacer mas accesible la implementacion computacional de este tipo de estudios. La primera simplificacion consiste en aproximar una descarga atmosferica con una funcion simple. La segunda simplificacion consiste en la implementacion de un interpolador lineal. Aqui se propone la implementacion de un interpolador parabolico espacial para reducir las necesidades de recursos de computo, manteniendo el compromiso entre el tiempo de calculo y el error acumulado. Esta nueva simplificacion incorpora un error adicional equiparable con el que incorpora el interpolador lineal en tiempo, por lo tanto se considera una estrategia adecuada en el calculo optimo del campo electromagnetico. The induced overvoltage work out in a distribution line, due to indirect lightning discharge, needs the electromagnetic field estimation. The field calculation consumes a lot of computational resources; for this reason since 80s it is looking for some simplifications in the models to render more approachable the computation implementation of this kind of studies. Heidler function is maybe the best model to represent the current of a lightning discharge, so the first simplification consist in the approach of a lightning discharge with a simple function like a double linear ramp (here called triangular) and/or a trapezoidal waveform. The second simplification concerns to the implementation of a linear interpolation ones the current overpass its maximum value, this means that the electromagnetic field is calculated step by step the first microseconds and then every ten time steps (like an example), the remain data are linearly interpolated. It is proposed here the implementation of a parabolic space interpolation to reduce the computational needed resources; the compromise is the electromagnetic field calculation in the minimum time limiting the error. The proposed simplification incorporated an additional error comparable to the one of the time linear interpolation, so it is considered that this strategy is as good as the previous one in the electromagnetic field optimum calculation.