Inflammation, symptoms, benefits, reaction, and biochemistry

Abstract Inflammation is developed as a positive attempt by any organism to eliminate harmful stimuli such as pathogens, irradiation, or damaged cells to initiate healing. It is indicated by the cardinal signs: redness, swelling, pain, heat, and function disturbance. This process is categorized further into acute (short-term) and chronic (long-term) processes. Chronic inflammation leads to various contagious diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular diseases, etc., due to the involvement of numerous inflammatory pathways such as NF-κB, TNF-α, MAPK, STAT, JNK, etc. This chapter provides a comprehensive outlook on inflammation, categories, and symptoms and then discusses the biochemistry involved during inflammation, which could open a wide area for future research in framing the treatment regimen for various pathogenic diseases.