Infecções comunitárias do trato urinário: prevalência e susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos na cidade de Florianópolis

Objectives: Determine the isolation frequency of uropathogens and evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profile in vitro of the bacteria isolated from urine cultures of outpatients treated in Florianopolis in 2014, correlating these data with gender and age of the patient. Methods: This is an observational, descriptive cross-sectional study which included positive urine cultures of outpatients performed in a single laboratory using the same methodology. Descriptive statistic analyses and tests of association between categorical variables: gender, age, etiologic agent and antimicrobial susceptibility were performed. Results: Positive urine cultures were registered in 1035 patients, of which 89.66% are female. Gram-negative pathogens were more isolated, especially E. coli (77.10%), the main causal agent. P. mirabilis was significantly more prevalent in males and the main microorganism isolated in urine cultures of 1-5 years-old children. E. coli was significantly more prevalent in females and presented the wider profile of resistance. This study showed statistically significant differences in resistance to fluoroquinolones between genders, with higher resistance prevalence in men and between age groups, with higher resistance among the elderly. Conclusions: Age and gender are determinant variables in the isolation frequency of uropathogens and in the prevalence of antimicrobial susceptibility; and the most prevalent microorganisms have not satisfactorily respond to the part of antimicrobials used. It is essential that the physician use such information at the time of therapeutic decision and respect the rational use of antimicrobials, especially those of broad spectrum as fluoroquinolones.