Smart energy management model for households considering incentive-based demand response

Residents with advanced measuring and controlling appliances can participate in demand response (DR) by the home energy management system (HEMS), thereby improving the reliability and flexibility of the power system. However, the domestic incentive mechanism is deficient, and there is short of home energy optimization model that comprehensively considers price-based and incentive-based DR. First at all, a variety of flexible appliances such as distributed photovoltaic (PV), electric vehicle (EV), and energy storage (ES) were considered, a mixed-integer load model under a complex power consumption environment was classified and established. Secondly, the price-based DR based on the time-of-use electricity price and the incentive-based DR based on the user agreement were considered comprehensively. Taking reducing household electricity costs and household net load power fluctuations as joint optimization targets, a day-ahead scheduling model considering users' willingness to participate in incentive-based DR was established. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model was verified based on the MATLAB.